Political
System
The Czech Republic is a parliamentary democracy with a directly elected president, a bicameral Parliament and a government responsible to the Chamber of Deputies.
How the state is organized.
President of the Republic
The President is the head of state and is elected directly by the public for a five-year term. The presidency includes constitutional, diplomatic, appointment and commander-in-chief responsibilities.
Parliament
Legislative power belongs to a bicameral Parliament composed of the Chamber of Deputies and the Senate. Legislation generally passes through both chambers before being submitted to the President.
Government
The Government is the supreme body of executive power. It is headed by the Prime Minister and is politically responsible to the Chamber of Deputies, from which it must obtain confidence.
Judiciary
Judicial power is exercised by independent courts. The Constitutional Court protects constitutionality, while the ordinary court system handles civil, criminal and administrative matters.
Two chambers. Different mandates.
The bicameral structure combines a proportionally elected lower chamber with a Senate elected from individual constituencies.
Chamber of Deputies
Deputies serve four-year terms. The Chamber is central to forming and sustaining the Government, including votes of confidence.
Senate
Senators serve six-year terms, with one-third of the chamber elected every two years from single-member constituencies.